中考否定考点大盘点

许振铎

Hello， boys and girls!否定考点在中考中占较大比重，常见的考点有：

1. or在否定句中表“并列”；

2. 表示否定的“也”——either。

3. 否定词hardly, never, few, little, no, nothing, none等。

4. 不定式中的否定。

5. 不含否定词与not的否定句型。

6. 反意疑问句回答中的否定理解。

7. 情态助动词的否定回答。

8. 比较级结构中的not。

9. not…until…句型。

10. 情景对话中的否定。

[例1]

Tom doesnt have any brothers ____ sisters.

A. and B. or C. with D. and or

[解析]本题意为“汤姆没有兄弟也没有姐妹。”易误选A，要注意：在否定句中须用or表示“和”。

[答案]B

［考考你］把下列句子变为否定句

She has a son and a daughter.

She ____ ____ a son ____ a daughter.

[答案]doesnt have, or

［例2］

Li Mei didnt go to the cinema, and I didnt ____.

A. so B. also C. too D. either

［解析］“也”的表示法是中考热点，注意辨别：

“也”●肯定：so (句首)，also（句中），too(句尾)

●否定：neither, nor(句首)， either(句尾)

该题的“也”属于否定，且位置在句尾，所以用either。

［答案］D

［考考你］单项选择

1)I havent finished my homework; she hasnt, ____.

A. also B. so C. too D. either

2) She cant swim. ____ can I.

A. So B. Either C. Nor D. Also

[答案]1)D 2)C

［例3］

a) I cant work out this maths problem. I know ____ about maths.

A. few B. a few C. little D. a little

b) Xiao Li is the right person to show the foreigners around, for

____ of us can speak English.

A. all B. each C. both D. none

c) ——What else do you want?

——____ else. I think I got everything ready.

A. Something B. Nothing C. Anything D. Everything

d) I cant get on the bus, because there is ____ on it.

A. little room B. few room C. no room D. not any rooms

[解析]此类知识点最难，需要深层理解句意，从句意的顺承或转折关系判断其意思，从中选择正确答案。

［答案］a)C b)D c)B d)A

[例4]

——There is nobody here. Lets play football.

——No, we cant. My father often tells me _____ in the street. Its

dangerous.

A. to play B. dont play C. not to play

［解析］此类题亦是中考热点，注意以下几种句型中not的位置：

①tell/ask sb. (not) to do sth.

②Would/will you please (not) do sth.?

③Why not+V原形＋…？

④had better (not)+V原形＋…

[答案]C

[考考你] 把下列句子译成英语

1） 夜间她最好别去那儿。

She ____ better ____ go there at night.

2） 为什么不问问那边的警察呢？

____ ____ ask the policeman over there?

[答案]1)had, not 2)Why not

［例5］

——This box is ____ heavy for me to carry. Can you help me?

——Certainly.

A. so B. much C. very D. too

[解析]too…to…句型是初中教材中非常有用的结构，意思为“太……而不能”，本身有否定意义，不与not连用。

［答案］D

[考考你]单项选择

1） They were ____ glad to see each other ____ remember everything

else.

A. so; that they B. too; that they C. too; to D. so, so

2） The five of us ____(不喜欢) playing football.

A. not like B. dislike C. no like D. doesnt like

[答案]1)C 2)B

[温馨提示］“喜欢A而不喜欢B”为“prefer A to B”。

［例6］

——The Changjiang River isnt the longest river in China, is it?

——____.

A. Yes, it is B. No, it isnt C. No, it is D. Yes, it isnt

[解析]对于反意疑问句中“前否后肯”型，回答时须注意两点：

1） 一致。（即Yes后“肯定”，No后“否定”。C、D是错的。）

2） Yes应理解为“不”，No应理解为“是的”。

［答案］A

[考考你]按要求做题

You arent a student.(变成反意疑问句，并作否定回答)

——You arent a student, ____?

——____.

[答案]are you, No, Im not

［例7］

——May I go now?

——No, you ____; you ____ stay here.

A. neednt; have to B. neednt; must

C. mustnt; have to D. mustnt; had to

[解析]注意：May…? 回答：No＋主语＋mustnt; Must…?回答：No+主语＋neednt.

[答案]C

［考考你］单项选择

——Must I go and do it now?

——No, you ____. We still have two more days.

A. shouldnt B. cant C. neednt D. wont

[答案]C

［例8］

Mary is ____ careful as I, but Im ____ than you.

A. as; much careful B. as; much more careful

C. so; much careful D. so; very careful

[解析]易误选C。注意：“not so/as…as…”，“as…as”结构用于否定句中第一个as可用so替换,肯定句中则不行。

［答案］B

［考考你］选择填空

——The classroom is ____ clean ____ it was yesterday.

——Sorry， I forgot to clean it.

A. as; as B. so; as C. not so; as D. more; than

[答案]C

［例9］

——Where is your headmaster?

——He ____ Shenyang. He wont be back ____ next week.

A. went to; after B. has gone to; until

C. has been to; until D. has been in; after

[解析]not…until…意为“直到……才……”。

［答案］B

[考考你]选择填空

My grandma didnt go to sleep ____ I got back home.

A. where B. until C. as soon as D. while

[答案]B

［例10］

a)——Would you mind if I open the window?

——____.

A. Not at all B. Yes, I dont C. No, I mind D. Yes, please

b)——Would you like to play football with us?

——____.

A. Yes, Im glad B. Yes, Id love to

C. No, I dont like D. No, I cant

[解析]对于Would you mind if…?的否定回答应为“Sorry, please dont.”。而对Would you like something to eat/drink?否定回答为：No, thanks.

［答案］a)A b)B

[中考热身练]

把下列句子改为反义句，不用not，使其意思与原句意思相反，每空一词：

1． He always comes to school early.

He ____ comes to school early.

2. Youll miss the train unless you hurry up.

Youll ____ the train ____ you hurry up.

3. My brother is old enough to join the army.

My brother is ____ ____ to join the army.

4. Both he and I have been to Beijing.

____ he ____ I have been to Beijing.

5. There is something wrong with your computer.

There is ____ wrong with your computer.

6. Li Ming usually goes to bed at nine.

Li Ming ____ goes to bed at nine.

7. Zhang Hua is strong enough to carry this box.

Zhang Hua is ____ ____ ____ he cant carry this box.

8. The five of us like playing football.

The five of us ____ playing football.

9. Xiao Hong is a known singer.

Xiao Hong is ____ ____ singer.

10. Everybody in our class knows where she lives.

____ in our class knows where she lives.

Keys:1.never 2.catch; if 3.too young 4.Neither, nor 5.nothing6.seldom 7.so weak that 8.dislike 9.an unknown 10.Nobody