Ｕｎｉｔｓ１７—１８重难点句子解析

崔　宇

Unit 17 Great Women

1.What are these women known for?

句中be known for表示“因……而著名；因……而众所周知”，其中for表示原因。而类似短语be known as意为“作为……知名；被称作是……”，其后常接表示身份的名词。连词as引起的短语多用来说明主语的身份，表示“充当；作为；用作”等。例如：

This village was known for its extreme poverty in the past.

过去，这个村子是个有名的穷地方。

Her mother is well known as a model teacher.

她妈妈是位有名的模范教师。

As a host you ought to sit back and listen.

作为主人，你应该坐在后面倾听。

2.For women it sometimes seems twice as difficult.

句子中twice as difficult是twice as difficult as it is的省略，英语中表达倍数通常有以下几种方法：

(1)“A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”。例如:

This room is twice as large as that one.

这个房间比那个房间大1倍。

(2)“A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B”。例如:

This ruler is three times longer than that one.

这把直尺的长度是那把直尺的4倍(即长3倍)。

(3)“A+be+倍数+the+名词+of+B”。例如:

This room is twice the size of that one. 这个房间比那个房间大1倍。

(4)“The+名词+of+A+be+倍数+that+of+B”。例如:

The length of line AB is four times that of line CD.

线段AB是线段CD的4倍长。

3.A few days later, I was moving forward over a slope that seemed safe when suddenly without warning my world dropped out from under my skis.

(1)句型be doing…when…表示“正要/正在做某事，突然另一种情况出现了”。例如:

I was jumping into the river when the guide stopped me.

我正要跳到河里去游泳，这时向导拦住了我。

类似近义的句型还有：be about to do…when…; be on the point of doing…when…; be on the way to…when…; had done…when…等。

(2)without warning是介词短语作状语，意为“不事先提醒/警告”。例如:

They attacked without warning/without giving a warning.

他们不宣而战。

(3)drop out表示“退出；不参加；隐退；隐居”等。例如:

He dropped out of college after only two weeks.

他在大学只上了两周课就退学了。

4.I was in good health and all of my equipment was working well.

(1)be in good health意为“身体好”，也可以说成be in excellent health。“身体坏”可用be in poor health或be in bad health来表达。“身体非常好”可以说成be in the best of health。例如:

My grandpa used to be in poor health, but now he is in good health.

我爷爷过去身体不好，但是现在他的身体很好。

(2)work为动词，这里表示“(指机器、设备等)运作，运转”。例如:

The gears work smoothly. 这些传动装置运转很灵活。

5.On hands and knees I got the tent up and dragged my sleeping bag into the tent and lay down out of the cold wind.

(1)这里on hands and knees意为“趴着”；介词on在这里表示“依靠；根据”。例如:

Slave owners in the south and rich people in big cities grew rich on the work of slaves.

南方的奴隶主以及大城市中的有钱人都是靠奴隶的劳动发财。

(2)get表示“使……”，通常用于复合结构。其常用搭配为:

get sth. done请别人做某事/使某事完成

get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事

get sth./sb.+adj.使变成某状态

例如:

Go and get your hair cut. 你去理理发吧。

It is up to you to get the work done. 该由你来完成此项工作了。

You should get your friend to help you. 你该让你的朋友来帮你。

How did you get yourself so dirty? 你怎么把自己弄得这么脏啊？

She went to get supper ready for the children.

她去为孩子们准备晚餐了。

6.What do you think is needed in order to be a successful woman?

do you think在句子中作插入语。英语中常用I think, do you think, Ibelieve, do you believe等放在句子中间作插入语，它们对原句的句子结构不产生影响，其特殊疑问句构成方法是：

“疑问词+do you think/believe/suppose/imagine…+其他成分？”(do you think…不能位于疑问词前）。例如:

What do you think has happened? 你认为发生了什么？

Who do you suggest be sent to work there? 你建议派谁去那儿工作？

Unit 18 New Zealand

7.It is made up of two large islands: North Island and South Island.

(1)短语be made up of…意为“由……组成；由……构成”，可看作make up短语当“组成，构成”讲时的被动形式。例如:

11 players make up a football team. 11名队员组成一支足球队。

This novel is made up of ten chapters. 这本小说由10个章节组成。

(2)make up除有“组成；构成”之意外，还有“占；完成；补足；创作；捏造；编造;整理；收拾；化妆”等意义。例如:

They make up one third of the provinces population.

他们占全省人口的1/3。(占)

I need 100 dollars to make up the sum.

我需要100美元来凑足总数。(补足)

The teacher asked the students to make up a poem about Christmas.

老师要求学生们创作一首有关圣诞节的诗歌。(创作)

He is good at making up excuses. 他善于编造借口。(编造)

We make up everything on our own. 我们自己整理一切。(整理)

She always makes up before going out.

外出前她总是化一下妆。(化妆)

8.The North Island is famous for an area of hot springs, some of which throw hot water high into the air.

(1)短语be famous for表示“(主语)以有……而著名”；而be famous as则表示“(主语)以是……而著名”。例如:

Lu Xun was famous for his great works.

鲁迅以他伟大的著作而闻名。

Her mother was famous as an action actress.

她妈妈是一位有名的动作女星。

9.More than 120 years later, Captain James Cook took possession of the islands in 1769 and from that time British people started to settle in New Zealand.

(1)possession作“拥有；占有”讲时是不可数名词，常与in构成短语。而作“财产；所有物”讲则是可数名词，经常用复数形式。例如:

We are in possession of a big farm. 我们拥有一个大农场。

My grandparents had to gather up their few possessions and leave their hometown. 我的祖父母不得不收拾他们微薄的财物，背井离乡。

(2)短语in possession of意为“占有某物”，表示主动意义，强调状态；而短语in the possession of意为“被(为)……所占有/拥有”，表示被动意义，也用来强调状态。例如:

Who is in possession of this hill? 谁拥有这座山？

This hill is in the possession of Mr Green. 这座山为格林先生所有。

(3)短语take possession of意为“占领；拥有某物”，表明主动意义，强调动作，亦可用get或gain代替take。例如:

I took possession of this company three years ago.

三年前我拥有了这家工厂。

After the war the enemy took possession of the island.

战后敌人占领了那座岛屿。

巩固性练习:

1. He is known ____ us all ____ writing children story books ____ a

famous writer.

A. to; for; as B. for; for; as

C. to; as; for D. for; for; for

2. I feel that one of my main duties ____ a teacher is to help the

students to become better learners.(2004广东，22)

A. for B. by C. as D. with

3. At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ____ Great Britain.(2005上海，28)

A. three times the size as B. the size three times of

C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of

4. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.(2004上海，38)

A. when B. while C. since D. once

5. ____, he is exhausted after the mountain climbing.

A. Good health though he is B. Though he is good health

C. He is in good health D. Good health though he is in

6. If anyone happens to drop in while I am out, ____ him or her leave

a message.(2005福建，23)

A. have B. get C. ask D. tell

7. What do you think ____ when he grows up?

A. the boy will become of B. the boy become of

C. will the boy become D. will the boy become of

8. A TV set is ____ over 1,000 different parts.

A. made of B. made into C. made up for D. made up of

9. Strangely the story ____ is popular ____ the young.

A. made up; to B. made up of; with

C. made up of; to D. made up; with

10. Charlie Chaplin was famous ____ an actor ____ his own way of

acting.

A. for; to B. as; for C. as; because D. for; as

11. I packed the remaining ____ in a big box.

A. possession B. possessions C. clothings D. belonging

12. ——How did you ____ the old valuable house?

——It used to be ____ my grandpa. He left it to me in his will.

A. take possession of; in possession of

B. take possession of; in the possession of

C. take the possession of; in the possession of

D. take the possession of; in possession of

Key(3)